| Scoliosis (Curvature of the spine) | A condition where the spine is curved further to the left, right, or back than normal. In most cases, the progression of scoliosis is limited to the growth period, and as long as there are no current symptoms (such as back pain), it will not have an impact on daily life. |
| Cyst | A condition where a bag of air develops in the lungs. Most are asymptomatic, but may rupture and lead to the development of pneumothorax. |
| Pneumothorax | A condition where air leaks outside the lungs due to a ruptured cyst or the rupture of other lung tissue, and air accumulates inside the chest, causing the lungs to collapse. In some cases there is shortness of breath or chest pain, while in others, the condition may be minor and go unnoticed. |
| Healed inflammation | A condition where there is evidence of a past incident such as inflammation or injury. |
| Nodules, nodular shadow | A shadow with clear boundaries that is virtually round in shape. |
| Infiltrative shadow | A light shadow with poorly defined boundaries seen when inflammation occurs. |
| Tumor | A virtually round shadow over 3 cm in diameter. |
| Cavity | A shadow indicating a space where lung tissue was partially lost due to a congenital condition or inflammation. |
| Right-sided aortic arch | A condition where the aorta (the large vessel that sends blood from the heart) is on the opposite side, or right side, rather than on the left for congenital reasons. |
| Dextrocardia | A condition where the heart is on the opposite side, or right side, rather than on the left for congenital reasons. |
| Complete situs inversus | A congenital condition where the position of the internal organs is reversed or mirrored from their normal positions. |
| Cardiomegaly | A condition where the heart shadow appears enlarged, and may indicate that the heart itself is enlarged or that the heart muscles have become thickened. It may indicate illness, but it may also appear in this manner due to poor inhalation of breath or obesity. |
| Calcification | A condition where calcium has deposited after an inflammation. |
| Post-operative | A condition where there is evidence of surgery on the heart or lungs. |
| Pleural thickening | A condition where the pleura surrounding the lungs has become thickened. Thought to be caused by a past case of pleurisy or pulmonary infection. |
| Azygos lobe | A congenital condition where a laterally displaced azygos vein (a vein that runs along the right side of the spine) cuts across the lungs to divide the upper part of the right lung into two. |
| Pectus excavatum | A condition where the breastbone in the front center of the chest caves in. It is virtually asymptomatic and does not require treatment unless severe. |
| Displacement | A condition where something is displaced to one side due to the effects of external tissues. |
| Lymphadenopathy | A condition where the lymph nodes are swollen. |
| Emphysema-like change | A condition where a part of the lung is lacking for some reason, leading to a larger amount of air in the area than normal. It may be caused by a cyst. |
| Congenital anomaly | A condition where the individual is born with a condition that is different from normal (to be born with an anomaly). |
| Pleural adhesion | A condition where the pleura surrounding the lungs has adhered to its surroundings. Thought to be caused by past cases of pleurisy or pulmonary infection. |
| Enostosis | A benign tumor in the bone. |
| Fluid (gas) accumulation | |
| Artificial valve | |
| Aneurysm | A condition where a section of the arterial wall has become thin and the blood vessels have expanded. Thought to be caused by arteriosclerosis, external injury, and inflammation. Some are hereditary. |